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Staging of breast cancer
Breast cancer is staged by size and how much spread has taken place.
Stage 0 is carcinoma in situ - the cells have started to change to cancer cells but have not moved out of their original site.
Stage I The cancer when removed is found to be less than 2 cm in diameter. No nodes are involved and no metastases have occurred to other organs.
On the pathology report this may appear T1, N0, M0 = Tumor tissue Type 1, Nodes 0, Metastases 0.
Stage 11A (2A)
The cancer is larger than 2 cm in diameter but less than 5 cm. (T0, N1, M0).
or no tumour is found in the breast but 1 to 3 lymph glands contain breast cancer cells (T1, N1, M0).
or the cancer is larger than 2 cm. but less than 5 cm. with no lymph nodes positive. (T2, N0, M0). No spread (metastases) to distant sites.
Stage 11B (2B)
Tumor size 2-5cm, plus 1 - 3 nodes positive, (T2, N1, M0) or
Tumor size 5cm+ but does not involve the chest wall, no nodes, no metastases. (T3,N0,M0).
No distant spread.
Stage 111A (3A)
Tumor size less than 5cm., 4 to 9 nodes involved, no distant spread (T2, N2, M0) or
Size 5cm.+, 1 to 9 nodes positive, no distant spread (T3, N1 or N2, M0)
Stage 111B (3B) Involvement of the chest wall or skin and spread to 0 - 9 lymph nodes. No distant spread.
Stage 1V: The cancer has spread to distant parts beyond the axillary lymph nodes. The commonest sites of spread are bone, lung, liver and brain.
Breast cancer is staged by size and how much spread has taken place.
Stage 0 is carcinoma in situ - the cells have started to change to cancer cells but have not moved out of their original site.
Stage I The cancer when removed is found to be less than 2 cm in diameter. No nodes are involved and no metastases have occurred to other organs.
On the pathology report this may appear T1, N0, M0 = Tumor tissue Type 1, Nodes 0, Metastases 0.
Stage 11A (2A)
The cancer is larger than 2 cm in diameter but less than 5 cm. (T0, N1, M0).
or no tumour is found in the breast but 1 to 3 lymph glands contain breast cancer cells (T1, N1, M0).
or the cancer is larger than 2 cm. but less than 5 cm. with no lymph nodes positive. (T2, N0, M0). No spread (metastases) to distant sites.
Stage 11B (2B)
Tumor size 2-5cm, plus 1 - 3 nodes positive, (T2, N1, M0) or
Tumor size 5cm+ but does not involve the chest wall, no nodes, no metastases. (T3,N0,M0).
No distant spread.
Stage 111A (3A)
Tumor size less than 5cm., 4 to 9 nodes involved, no distant spread (T2, N2, M0) or
Size 5cm.+, 1 to 9 nodes positive, no distant spread (T3, N1 or N2, M0)
Stage 111B (3B) Involvement of the chest wall or skin and spread to 0 - 9 lymph nodes. No distant spread.
Stage 1V: The cancer has spread to distant parts beyond the axillary lymph nodes. The commonest sites of spread are bone, lung, liver and brain.
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